Cell Biology

Cell Biology

Kingdom of all living organisms the biological unit of all known organism is known as  cell . Which is basic fundamental structural and functional unit and  building block of life.

*Cytology:-Study of cell structure and its function in special branch of biology is known as cytology.

Cell first time shown and discovered by Robert hooke (1665) in Cork which is a dead cell.

*First time actual living cell observed by Anton van leeuwenhoek (1670).

*Matthias schleiden (German) botanist in 1838 explain that plant are composed of different kind of cell which is form the tissue of the plants.

*Theodore Schwann (British) Zoologiststudy different kind of animal cell and explain cell had thin outer layer which is today known as plasma membrane.He also Study plant tissue and said that present of cell wall is the unique character of plant cell.

*Cell Theory:-

(i) Entire living organism of biological Kingdom is composed of cell and it's products.

All cell arises from pre-existing cell.

*This theory did not explain how new cell were formed.

*Rudolph Virchow (1855) first explain as to how new cell were formed and said that"Cell divide and new cells were formed from pre-existing cells"(Omni's cellula-e cellula). 

*Types of cell:-

(i) Prokaryotic Cell

(ii) Eukaryotic cell

*Eukaryotic cells is also of two types

(a) Animal Cell

(b) Plant cell

*On the basis of presences of cell organism is of two types:-

(1) Unicellular organisms:-

(2) Multicellular organisms